Postpartum hemorrhage causes include several conditions; which of the following is listed as a cause?

• A. Placenta previa.
• B. Vitamin C deficiency.
• C. Ectopic pregnancy.
• D. Postpartum infection.

Answer: (A)

Postpartum hemorrhage after birth is often tied to problems with how the placenta separates and delivers. Placenta previa means the placenta implants low in the uterus, near or over the cervical os. This unusual placement disrupts normal placental separation during labor and delivery, making heavy bleeding more likely as the placenta is expelled. Because of this risk, placenta previa is listed as a cause of postpartum hemorrhage. The other options don’t typically lead to heavy postnatal bleeding: vitamin C deficiency isn’t a known driver of PPH, an ectopic pregnancy occurs outside the uterus and isn’t a postpartum condition, and postpartum infection can complicate recovery but isn’t a direct cause of heavy bleeding after delivery.