During adolescence, how should a clinician approach care after secondary sexual characteristics have developed?

• A. Treat as an adult; address and reassure the patient; offer as much autonomy as appropriate.
• B. Always treat as a child; avoid addressing sensitive issues.
• C. Delay care until patient initiates.
• D. Limit patient participation in decisions.

Answer: (A)

Adolescents who have developed secondary sexual characteristics deserve care that respects their growing autonomy and need for privacy while staying supportive and informative. The clinician should speak with the teen directly about sensitive issues, provide clear explanations, and reassure them about what’s happening, offering as much involvement in decisions as is appropriate for their maturity. This approach builds trust, encourages honest communication, and supports better health outcomes as the patient takes more ownership of their care. Rigidly treating them as a child, avoiding sensitive topics, delaying care until the patient asks, or limiting their participation undermines their developing independence and can reduce the effectiveness of medical care.